Nkhani

Mfundo ya stethoscope

Nthawi zambiri imakhala ndi mutu wa auscultation, chubu chowongolera mawu, ndi mbedza yamakutu. Chitani (mafupipafupi) osakulitsa mawu osonkhanitsidwa.

Mfundo ya stethoscope ndi yakuti kufalikira kwa kugwedezeka pakati pa zinthu kumatenga nawo mbali mu filimu ya aluminiyamu mu stethoscope, ndipo mpweya wokha umasintha mafupipafupi ndi kutalika kwa phokoso, kufika pamtunda "womasuka" wa khutu la munthu, ndipo nthawi yomweyo. kuteteza mawu ena ndi "kumva" momveka bwino. Chifukwa chomwe anthu amamva phokoso ndi chakuti mawu otchedwa "phokoso" amatanthauza kugwedezeka kwa zinthu, monga mpweya umene umagwedezeka ndi nembanemba ya tympanic m'khutu la munthu, yomwe imasandulika mafunde a ubongo, ndipo anthu amatha "kumva" phokoso. Kuthamanga kwafupipafupi komwe makutu amunthu amatha kumva ndi 20-20KHZ.

Palinso mulingo wina wa kaonedwe ka mawu ka munthu, womwe ndi kuchuluka kwa mawu, komwe kumayenderana ndi kutalika kwa mafunde. Kuchuluka kwa makutu amunthu ndi 0dB-140dB. Mwa kuyankhula kwina: phokoso mumtundu wa ma audio ndi lokwera kwambiri komanso lofooka kuti limveke, ndipo mawu omwe ali mumtundu wa voliyumu ndi ochepa kwambiri (mafunde otsika kwambiri) kapena aakulu kwambiri (mafunde apamwamba) kuti amve.

Phokoso limene anthu amamva limagwirizananso ndi chilengedwe. Khutu la munthu limateteza, ndiko kuti, maphokoso amphamvu amatha kubisa phokoso lofooka. Phokoso la mkati mwa thupi la munthu, monga kugunda kwa mtima, phokoso la m'mimba, mvula yamkuntho, ndi zina zotero, ngakhale phokoso la kutuluka kwa magazi silimamveka kwambiri chifukwa mawuwo ndi otsika kwambiri kapena phokoso ndilotsika kwambiri, kapena silimveka bwino. ndi chilengedwe chaphokoso.

Panthawi yokweza mtima, cholumikizira m'makutu cha nembanemba chimatha kumvetsera kuphokoso kwapamwamba kwambiri, ndipo chomverera m'makutu chamtundu wa kapu ndichoyenera kumvetsera kuphokoso kocheperako kapena kung'ung'udza. Ma stethoscope amakono onse ndi ma stethoscope a mbali ziwiri. Pali mitundu yonse ya membrane ndi chikho pamutu wa auscultation. Kutembenuka pakati pa ziwirizi kumangofunika kuzunguliridwa ndi 180 °. Akatswiri amanena kuti madokotala ayenera kugwiritsa ntchito stethoscopes mbali ziwiri. Palinso teknoloji ina yovomerezeka yotchedwa floating membrane technology. Mutu wa membrane auscultation ukhoza kusinthidwa kukhala mutu wa khutu la chikho m'njira yapadera kuti mumvetsere phokoso lochepa. Phokoso la m'mapapo lachibadwa komanso losazolowereka ndi mawu okwera kwambiri, ndipo khutu la m'mapapo lokha lingagwiritsidwe ntchito polimbikitsa mapapu.

Mitundu ya stethoscopes

Acoustic stethoscope

Acoustic stethoscope ndiye stethoscope wakale kwambiri, komanso ndi chida chodziwira matenda chomwe chimadziwika kwa anthu ambiri. Mtundu uwu wa stethoscope ndi chizindikiro cha dokotala, ndipo dokotala amavala pakhosi tsiku lililonse. Acoustic stethoscopes ndi omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri.

Electronic stethoscope

Stethoscope yamagetsi imagwiritsa ntchito ukadaulo wamagetsi kukulitsa phokoso la thupi ndikugonjetsa phokoso lambiri la acoustic stethoscope. Stethoscope yamagetsi imayenera kutembenuza chizindikiro chamagetsi cha phokoso kukhala phokoso la phokoso, lomwe limakulitsidwa ndikukonzedwa kuti limvetsere bwino. Poyerekeza ndi ma acoustic stethoscopes, onse amatengera mfundo zakuthupi zomwezo. Stethoscope yamagetsi ingagwiritsidwenso ntchito ndi dongosolo lothandizira pakompyuta kuti liwunikire zomwe zalembedwa pamtima kapena kung'ung'udza kwamtima kosalakwa.

Kujambula kwa stethoscope

Ma stethoscope ena apakompyuta amakhala ndi mawu omveka, omwe angagwiritsidwe ntchito kulumikiza ku chipangizo chojambulira chakunja, monga laputopu kapena chojambulira cha MP3. Sungani mawu awa ndikumvera mawu ojambulidwa kale kudzera pa chomverera m'makutu cha stethoscope. Dokotala akhoza kuchita kafukufuku wozama komanso ngakhale kuzindikira zakutali.

Stethoscope ya fetal

M'malo mwake, gawo la fetal stethoscope kapena fetal scope ndi mtundu wamtundu wa stethoscope, koma imaposa mamvekedwe wamba. Stethoscope ya fetal imatha kumva mawu a mwana wosabadwayo m'mimba mwa mayi wapakati. Ndizothandiza kwambiri pakusamalira unamwino pa nthawi ya mimba.

Doppler stethoscope

Doppler stethoscope ndi chipangizo chamagetsi chomwe chimayesa mphamvu ya Doppler ya mafunde omwe amawonekera kuchokera ku ziwalo za thupi. Kusunthaku kumadziwika ngati kusintha kwafupipafupi chifukwa cha mphamvu ya Doppler, kuwonetsa mafunde. Chifukwa chake, Doppler stethoscope ndiyoyenera kwambiri pogwira zinthu zoyenda, monga kugunda kwa mtima.